-
Dwyer AF,Yau AC, Jefcoat KW: Use of direct current
in spine fusion. J Bone Surg (Am) 56:442,
1974.
-
Kahanovitz N, Pashos C: The role of implantable
direct current electrical stimulation in the critical
pathway for lumbar spinal fusion. J Care Management 6:2-8,
1996.
-
Baranowski TJ, Black J: “The Mechanism of Faradic
Stimulation of Osteogenesis.” In: Mechanism
Approaches to Interactions of Electrical and Electromagnetic
Fields with Living Systems. Eds. M Blank and
E Findl. New York: Plenum Press, 1987, p 399.
-
Urban MA, Brighton CT and Black J: “Dose Response
Relationship for Faradic Stimulation of Osteogenesis
in the Rabbit Tibia by Use of a Single-Strand Platinum
Cathode.” In: Electromagnetics in Biology
and Medicine. Eds. CT Brighton and SR Pollock.
San Francisco: San Francisco Press Inc., 1991, p.
199.
-
Merril AJ: Direct Current (DC) Stimulation of
Allograft
in Anterior and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusions. Spine 1994:
19:2393-7.
-
Kane WJ: Facilitation
of lumbosacral fusions by means of electronic bone
growth stimulation. Presented
at the Scoliosis Research Society, Seattle, 1979.
-
Kane
WJ: Direct current electrical bone growth stimulation
for spinal fusion. Spine 24:363-365, 1988.
-
Rognozinski
A, Rogozinski C: Efficacy of implantable bone growth
stimulation in instrumented lumbosacral
spinal fusion. Spine.
-
Kucharzyk D: A controlled
prospective outcome study of implantable electrical
stimulation with spinal
instrumentation in a high-risk spinal fusion population. Spine 5:465-469,
1999.
-
Mooney V: A randomized
double-blind prospective study of the efficacy
of pulsed electromagnetic fields
for interbody lumbar fusions. Spine 15:708-712,
1990.
-
Bassett CAL: Pulsing electromagnetic fields:
a new
method to modify cell behavior in calcified and
noncalcified tissues. Calcif Tissue Int 34:1-8,
1982.
-
Simmons
JW, Hayes MA, Christensen DK, Dwyer AP, Koullsis
CS, Kimmich SJ: The effect of postoperative
pulsing electromagnetic fields on lumbar fusion:
An
open trial phase study. Presented at the North
American Spine Society, Quebec, Canada, June 29,
1989.
-
Simmons
JS: Treatment of failed posterior lumbar
interbody fusion (PLIF) of the spine with pulsing
electromagnetic fields. Clin Orthop 183:127-132,
1985.
-
Lee K: Clinical investigation of the spinal
stim
system, open trail phase: pseudarthrosis stratum.
Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American
Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Las Vegas, Nevada
1989.
-
SpinaLogic.
Summary of Safety and Effectiveness,
PMA No. P910066/S11, 1999.
-
Nepola JV, Fredericks D,
Simon B, Abbott J: Effect
of exposure time on stimulation of healing in the
rabbit tibial osteotomy model by a time varying
pulsed electromagnetic field and by combined magnetic
fields.
Presented at the 30th Annual Meeting of the Canadian
Orthopedic Research Society, Quebec City, Canada,
May 25-29, 1996.
-
Goodwin CB, Brighton CT, Guyer RD
et al.: A double-blind
study of capacitively coupled electrical stimulation
as an adjunct to lumbar spinal fusions. Spine 24:1349-1357,
1999.
